解决 NixOS + Home Manager 配置 VSCode 出现的 settings.json 写入问题

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{
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  config,
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  lib,
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  pkgs,
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  ...
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}: let
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  homeDir = config.home.homeDirectory;
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  dataDir = config.xdg.dataHome;
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  userDataDir = "${dataDir}/vscode/data";
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  extensionsDir = "${dataDir}/vscode/extensions";
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in {
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  programs.vscode = {
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    enable = true;
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    mutableExtensionsDir = false;
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  };
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  # To solve VSCode wants to write settings.json
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  # VSCode will reset per reboot/rebuild.
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  systemd.user.services.vscode-setup = {
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    Unit = {
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      Description = "VSCode Setup service";
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      After = ["graphical-session-pre.target"];
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      Wants = ["graphical-session-pre.target"];
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    };
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    Install.WantedBy = ["graphical-session.target"];
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    Service = {
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      Type = "oneshot";
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      UMask = "0022";
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      ExecStart = lib.getExe (pkgs.writeShellApplication {
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        name = "vscode-setup";
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        runtimeInputs = with pkgs; [coreutils gnutar jq];
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        text = let
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          userSrc = "${homeDir}/.config/Code/User";
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          userDst = "${userDataDir}/User";
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          extSrc = "${homeDir}/.vscode/extensions";
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          extDst = extensionsDir;
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          dirsToPreserve = [
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            "workspaceStorage"
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            "History"
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          ];
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          backupCmds = builtins.concatStringsSep "\n" (map (dir: ''
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              if [ -e "${userDst}/${dir}" ]; then
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                echo "Backing up data/User/${dir}..."
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                mv "${userDst}/${dir}" "/tmp/vscode-${dir}-$$"
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              fi
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            '')
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            (dirsToPreserve ++ ["globalStorage"]));
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          restoreCmds = builtins.concatStringsSep "\n" (map (dir: ''
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              if [ -e "/tmp/vscode-${dir}-$$" ]; then
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                echo "Restoring data/User/${dir}..."
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                mv "/tmp/vscode-${dir}-$$" "${userDst}/${dir}"
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              fi
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            '')
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            dirsToPreserve);
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        in ''
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          set -eu
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          ${backupCmds}
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          echo "Cleaning old directories..."
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          rm -rf "${userDst}"
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          rm -rf "${extDst}"
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          mkdir -p "${userDataDir}"
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          mkdir -p "${extDst}"
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          echo "Copying user settings from ${userSrc}..."
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          cp -r --dereference --no-preserve=mode,ownership ${userSrc} "${userDst}"
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          echo "Copying extensions from ${extSrc}..."
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          tar -h -C "${extSrc}" -cf - . | tar -C "${extDst}" -xf - --no-same-owner --no-same-permissions --mode='u=rX,go=rX'
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          chmod u+w -R "${extDst}" 2>/dev/null || true
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          ${restoreCmds}
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          echo "Restoring and merging data/User/globalStorage..."
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          if [ -e "/tmp/vscode-globalStorage-$$" ]; then
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            cp -rT "/tmp/vscode-globalStorage-$$" "${userDst}/globalStorage"
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            src_storage_json="${userSrc}/globalStorage/storage.json"
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            dst_storage_json="${userDst}/globalStorage/storage.json"
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            if [ -f "$src_storage_json" ] && [ -f "$dst_storage_json" ]; then
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              echo "Merging data/globalStorage/storage.json with new data..."
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              merged_json=$(mktemp)
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              jq -s '.[0] * .[1]' "$dst_storage_json" "$src_storage_json" > "$merged_json"
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              mv "$merged_json" "$dst_storage_json"
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              echo "Merge complete."
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            else
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              echo "Skipping storage.json merge: one or both files do not exist."
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            fi
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          else
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            echo "No backed-up globalStorage found to restore."
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          fi
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          echo "VSCode setup complete."
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        '';
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      });
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    };
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  };
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}